Risks and Side Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)

March 26, 2024

4 mins

While testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can offer numerous benefits for men looking to boost their T levels, it's important to recognize that like any medical intervention, it comes with its share of risks and potential side effects. 

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What is Testosterone Replacement Therapy?

TRT involves administering synthetic testosterone to supplement or replace the body's natural production. It's commonly prescribed to men experiencing symptoms of low testosterone, such as fatigue, reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and decreased muscle mass. 

Additionally, TRT may be recommended for those with certain medical conditions like hypogonadism, where the body fails to produce sufficient testosterone.

Risks Associated with TRT

While TRT can effectively alleviate symptoms of low testosterone and improve overall health, it's essential to be aware of the potential risks involved. Some of the primary risks of TRT include:

Cardiovascular health: Research suggests that testosterone may increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes, particularly in older men or those with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. 

Prostate health: Testosterone is known to stimulate the growth of prostate tissue, which could potentially exacerbate benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or increase the risk of prostate cancer.

Blood clot formation: Testosterone replacement therapy has been associated with an increased risk of blood clot formation, particularly deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism. This risk may be higher in individuals predisposed to clotting disorders or those with other risk factors such as obesity or immobility.

Infertility: TRT can suppress natural testosterone production in the testes, leading to decreased sperm production and potential infertility. 

Men interested in preserving fertility should discuss alternative treatment options or consider sperm banking before starting TRT, especially if they plan to have children in the future.

The Side Effects of TRT

In addition to the aforementioned risks, testosterone replacement therapy can also cause various side effects, ranging from mild to severe. Common side effects of TRT include:

Mood and behavior changes 

Changes in mood and behavior are among the potential side effects of TRT. Some individuals may experience mood swings, irritability, or increased aggression while undergoing testosterone therapy. 

These effects can vary widely from person to person and may be influenced by factors such as dosage, individual response, and pre-existing mental health conditions.

Acne and skin reactions

Increased testosterone levels can stimulate oil production in the skin, leading to acne breakouts or exacerbating existing skin conditions. Some individuals may also experience skin irritation or rash at the injection site if using testosterone injections.

Fluid retention

TRT may cause fluid retention, resulting in bloating, swelling, or increased blood pressure. This side effect is more common with certain forms of testosterone therapy, such as testosterone gels or patches.

Sleep apnea

Testosterone replacement therapy has been associated with an increased risk of sleep apnea, a condition characterized by interrupted breathing during sleep. Those with a history of sleep apnea or risk factors for the condition should be closely monitored while undergoing TRT.

Breast tenderness or enlargement

Testosterone can be converted into estrogen in the body through a process called aromatization. Elevated estrogen levels may lead to breast tenderness, swelling, or enlargement (gynecomastia) in some men undergoing TRT.

Hair loss

While testosterone is often associated with male pattern baldness, TRT can exacerbate hair loss in individuals genetically predisposed to the condition. Not all men will experience this side effect, but it's essential to discuss the potential risks with a healthcare provider.

Who Should Consider TRT?

Determining who should and shouldn't receive Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) requires careful consideration of various factors, including medical history, symptoms, and potential risks. 

TRT can offer benefits to individuals diagnosed with hypogonadism, experiencing symptoms of low testosterone, and those with certain medical conditions associated with testosterone deficiency.

Alternative Treatment Options for TRT

Options for individuals ineligible for Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) or those who wants to explore toward alternative methods include:

• Lifestyle modifications such as balanced diet and exercise

• Dietary supplements that are rich in vitamin D, zinc, and magnesium

• Letrozole (Femara)

• Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

• Clomid

With the Rex MD TestoRx program , you’ll have access to testosterone-boosting medications that will help you feel like yourself again. 

To find out if the program is right for you, just answer a few questions about your symptoms and medical history. Then, you’ll be able to schedule a virtual call with the Rex MD care team.

Your provider will order lab work for you and determine if you’re eligible for TRT or another treatment option based on your testosterone levels. 

If you and your healthcare provider find that TRT isn’t right for you, Rex MD offers alternative testosterone therapies that may be better suited for you. TRT is available in both an injectable and a topical gel, while other options are available in tablet form. 

The Rex MD testosterone offerings include:

• Testosterone cypionate – a biweekly testosterone injection (prescription only)

• Androgel – a daily topical testosterone gel (prescription only)

• Clomid – a biweekly testosterone-boosting tablet (prescription only)

• The Rex MD Testosterone Support supplement – an OTC herbal supplement tablet proven to boost testosterone levels

Where Can I Learn More About TRT and Other Treatment Options to Boost My Testosterone Levels?

Testosterone replacement therapy can be a valuable treatment option for those experiencing symptoms of low testosterone. However, it's crucial to weigh the potential benefits against the risks and side effects associated with this therapy. 

If you are interested in learning more about boosting your testosterone, or want to explore alternative options, the Rex MD TestoRx program may have all the answers you need. Get started today.